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surge

Pronunciation: /sɝd͡ʒ/

The English word “surge” has 12 meanings listed here.

noun

  1. A sudden transient rush, flood or increase.
  2. The maximum amplitude of a vehicle's forward/backward oscillation.
  3. A sudden electrical spike or increase of voltage and current.
  4. A momentary reversal of the airflow through the compressor section of a jet engine due to disruption of the airflow entering the engine's air intake, accompanied by loud banging noises, emission of flame, and temporary loss of thrust.
  5. The swell or heave of the sea.
  6. A deployment in large numbers at short notice.
  7. The tapered part of a windlass barrel or a capstan, upon which the cable surges, or slips.
  8. A spring; a fountain.

verb

  1. To rush, flood, or increase suddenly.
  2. To accelerate forwards, particularly suddenly.
  3. To experience a momentary reversal of airflow through the compressor section due to disruption of intake airflow.
  4. To slack off a line.

Etymology

The verb is from Middle English ^((please verify)) surgen, possibly from Middle French sourgir, from Old French surgir (“to rise, ride near the shore, arrive, land”), from Old Catalan surgir, from Latin surgō, contraction of surrigō, subrigō (“lift up, raise, erect; intransitive rise, arise, get up, spring up, grow, etc.”, transitive verb), from sub (“from below; up”) + regō (“to stretch”),…

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Definitions are from Wiktionary, extracted by Kaikki.org, and are available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.