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without

Pronunciation: /wɪðˈaʊt/

The English word “without” has 8 meanings listed here.

adverb

  1. Outside, externally.
  2. Lacking something; failing.
  3. Without a condom being worn.

preposition

  1. Outside of, beyond.
  2. Not having, containing, characteristic of, etc.
  3. Not doing or not having done something.

conjunction

  1. Unless, except (introducing a clause).

noun

  1. Someone or something lacking in something.

Etymology

From Middle English withoute, withouten, from Old English wiþūtan (literally “against the outside of”). By surface analysis, with- + out. Compare Dutch buiten (“outside of, without”), Danish uden (“without”), Swedish utan (“without”), Norwegian uten (“without”). Superseded non-native Middle English sauns, sans (“without”), from Old French sans, sanz, senz (“without”). Compare typologically…

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Definitions are from Wiktionary, extracted by Kaikki.org, and are available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.